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Astronomy & Space

Megasites

Amazing Space
http://amazing-space.stsci.edu/
Go on an adventure into the space through interactive games about galaxies, color and light, the truth about black holes, comets, the solar system and more.
Arty the Part-Time Astronaut
http://www.artyastro.com/artyastro.htm
Learn about the speed of light, the Hubble space telescope, planets and play fun online games about space.This fully animated Flash website may load slowly.
Ask a Space Scientist
http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/ask/askmag.html
Do you have a question about astronomy and space science? You've come to the right place. At this website there's an archive of 3001 questions that visitors have sent since August 1995. Have a look through this archive first to see if your question has been answered. If not you may go ahead and send your question.
Astronomy for Kids
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/
Explore the planets, sky facts, stars and more.
Astronomy Unbound
http://www.herts.ac.uk/astro_ub/
This virtual astronomy textbook explores atoms, quarks, antimatter and more.
Careers in Astronomy
http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/careers.php
A guide book to astonomy as a career.
Human Physiology in Space
http://www.nsbri.org/HumanPhysSpace/
How does NASA learn about space's affect on human life? Where does NASA hope to send people in the future? Find out here.
Internet Astronomy School
http://www.yarden.ac.il/bloss/IAS/ehome.htm
Learn some basics of astronomy. A scale of the universe.
NASA KIDS
http://kids.msfc.nasa.gov/
"NASA KIDS is an on-line printable resource designed for kids aged 5 to 14." Learn about space, rockets, astronauts, and more. You can also play games and solve puzzles.
The Messier Catalog
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/messier/Messier.html
Images of the brightest and most beautiful diffuse objects in the sky, including nebulae, galaxies and star clusters.
Movies and Animations from NASA and Elsewhere
http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/movies/movies.html
"Movies and animations of planets, stars, galaxies and other astronomical things which have been obtained from public-domain government ( NASA ) Web sites."
National Air and Space Museum
http://www.nasm.si.edu/
Exhibits and galleries.
Neuron: NeuroLab Online
http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/neuron/
Interact with the NASA space mission and the Neurolab experiments!
SEDS: Students for the Exploration and Development of Space
http://www.seds.org/
Find information on anything from the Viking probe and the space shuttles, to rumors about life on Mars.
Space exploration Merit Badge
http://my.execpc.com/~culp/space/space.html
"This website provides you with all the information you need to complete the Boy Scout Space exploration Merit Badge, along with links to more information that is either useful or way fun."
StarChild
http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/
Explore the universe at this colorful website maintained by NASA. Choose between two different levels to help you begin your exploration.
Stephen Hawking's Universe
http://www.thirteen.org/hawking/html/home.html
This website explains many mysteries of the universe in easy-to-understand language. Includes strange stuff explained, cosmological stars, unsolved mysteries, and things to do in the dark!
Today@NASA.gov
http://www.nasa.gov/news//
Find out what's happening at NASA today! "NASA is deeply committed to spreading the unique knowledge that flows from its aeronautics and space research...."
A Virtual Journey into the Universe
http://library.thinkquest.org/28327/?tqskip=1
This Thinkquest website explores the planets, the universe, satellites, famous people and space stations. Watch planetary interactive movies or join a chat room to talk about space. Requires Java and Shockwave plug-in.
Windows to the Universe
http://www.windows.ucar.edu/
A fun website about earth and space science.

Astronomy History

Archimedes Principle

Archimedes Principle
http://www.exploratorium.edu/xref/phenomena/archimedes'_principle.html
The Exploratorium explains buoyancy.

Copernican Model

Copernicus
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Copernicus.html
A look at his life and his discoveries that the sun was the center of the solar system, not earth.
Copernicus' Universe
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/universes/html/coper.html
PBS explains Copernicus' theory that the sun is the center of the solar system.
Copernican Model: A Sun Centered Solar System
http://csep10.phys.utk.edu/astr161/lect/retrograde/copernican.html
This website from the University of Tennessee explains his theory with animated images.
Modern History Sourcebook: From The Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies, 1543
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1543copernicus2.html
Nicolas Copernicus predicts the earth revolves around the sun, and the earth isn't the center.

Marie Curie & radioactivity

Madam Curie and the Science of Radioactivity
http://www.aip.org/history/curie/
The American Institute for Physics explains the discovery of radium.

Einstein & relativity

Albert Einstein's Theory of Relativity
http://www.fearofphysics.com/Relativity/relativity.html
Fear of Physics explains relativity in easy to understand language.

Galileo Galilei & Heliocentric Theory

Heliocentrism
http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/whos_who_level2/galileo.html
NASA explains Galileo's role in proving the sun is the center of the solar system.
Modern History Sourcebook: The Crime of Galileo
http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1630galileo.html
Indictment and abjuration of 1633.

Hipparchus

Hipparchus
http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/starry/hipparchus.html
A brief description of his discoveries that helped build on Aristotle's findings for the geocentric theory (earth is the center of the universe).

Kepler & Laws of Planetary Motion

Kepler's Three Laws of Planetary Motion
http://observe.arc.nasa.gov/nasa/education/reference/orbits/orbit_sim.html
NASA explains the three laws of planetary motion using animations.
Kepler's Laws
http://library.thinkquest.org/03oct/02144/basics/kepintro.htm
This Thinkquest website explains the three laws of planetary motion using animations.

Isaac Newton & Laws of Motion & Gravity

Newton's Laws
http://library.thinkquest.org/03oct/02144/basics/newton.htm
This Thinkquest website explains Netwon's three laws of motion and his universal law of gravity.
Isaac Newton's Laws of Motion
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/forces/newton/newton.html
Newton's three laws of motion are explained.
Why Gravity Causes Things to Fall
http://www.fearofphysics.com/Fall/fall.html
Fear of Physics explains how gravity works and includes an interactive game about gravity.

Pascal's Law

Pascal's Law
http://www.answers.com/topic/pascal-s-law
Answers.com explains .

Ptolemy

Ptolemy's Universe
http://www.pbs.org/wnet/hawking/universes/html/ptole.html
PBS explains Ptolemy's belief that earth was the center of the universe.

Pythagoras

Ptolemy's Universe
http://www.andrews.edu/~calkins/math/biograph/biopytha.htm
Pythagoras was one of the first to consider the earth as one of several planets which revolved around the sun.

Auroras

Nordlys - Northern Lights
http://www.northern-lights.no/
Information, links and images about the "Northern Lights."
The Aurora Page
http://www.geo.mtu.edu/weather/aurora/
Information, links and images about the "Northern Lights."

Asteroids

Blast From the Past
http://www.nmnh.si.edu/paleo/blast/
From the National Museum of Natural History, this website explores new evidence of an asteroid impact 65 million years ago, when dinosaurs went extinct.
Doomsday Asteroid
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/spacewatch/
NOVA Online provides information about asteroids, comets, and other astronomical bodies.

Black Holes

Black Holes and Neutron Stars
http://www.eclipse.net/~cmmiller/BH/blkmain.html
Learn about black holes and neutron stars at this simple and focused page.

Extraterrestrials & Aliens

See also Mysterious & unexplained: Roswell

What Would Aliens Look Like?
http://news.bbc.co.uk/cbbcnews/hi/find_out/guides/tech/aliens/newsid_2636000/2636907.stm
If there really were creatures from outer space, would they have 2 eyes, or 500? Has anyone actually seen an alien? What are scientists doing to discover other forms of life?
Aliens: A World of Possibilities
http://exhibits.pacsci.org/aliens/welcome2.html
Discover why scientists believe there is other life beyond earth and why they don't believe aliens have visited our planet.
Classic UFO Cases
http://www.mufor.org/classic.htm
"A small selection of some of the best UFO cases for which no one has an answer."
The Hunt for Alien Worlds
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/worlds/
NOVA Online presents the question "Is there life beyond earth?" and explores some theories. High graphics may lead this website to load slowly. Text version is available.
Life Beyond Earth
http://www.pbs.org/lifebeyondearth/
This PBS website challenges us to think about alien life in a different way. What planets are habitable? Ever want to write a letter to an alien? Do it here!
NASA's Origins Program
http://eis.jpl.nasa.gov/origins/
Learn about NASA's quest to understand life and the universe here.
National UFO Reporting center
http://www.nwlink.com/~ufocntr/
This website provides witness accounts and other information behind UFOs.
The SETI Institute
http://www.seti-inst.edu/
The SETI Institute serves as a home for scientific research in the general field of Life in the Universe with an emphasis on the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI).

Planets & moons

Planet megasites

Exploring the Planets
http://www.nasm.si.edu/ceps/etp/etp.htm
Compare the planets and find out what planets have wind and storms. If you want a fun, easy way to get information about the planets and other things that deal with space, then you must visit this site.
The Nine Planets
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/nineplanets.html
A multimedia tour of the Solar System by Bill Arnett.
The Planets
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/
Facts about all the planets, including clickable images.
Solar System Online
http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/sso/
This NASA website explores the planets and how NASA is involved in solar system exploration.
Views of the Solar System
http://www.solarviews.com/
Available in English, Spanish and Portuguege, this website presents a vivid multimedia adventure unfolding the splendor of the Sun, planets, moons, comets, asteroids, and more.
Welcome to the Planets
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/welcome.htm
This website has many pictures of the planets and other space objects, like moons, asteroids, and comets. There is a chart of facts for each planet, including how many earth years make up a year on other planets, and the pictures each have a brief description.

Earth & Moon

Earth

The Birth of Earth
http://tqjunior.thinkquest.org/5341/?tqskip=1
This Thinkquest website explores how the earth was formed and how it continues to change everyday.
Earth
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/earth1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Earth
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/earth/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Earth
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/earth.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.
Earth and Moon Viewer
http://www.fourmilab.ch/earthview/vplanet.html
Presents an earth map--you can see where it's day and night right now from space!
Earth Today
http://www.nasm.si.edu/earthtoday/
Colorful and clear graphics display the planets and the earth and its atmosphere. See how El Nino and La Nina effect the earth, where the earth's tectonic plates are located, and what the earth's vegetation cycle is.

Moon

Lunar Outreach Services
http://www.lunaroutreach.org/
Current, past and future phases of the moon.
The Moon: Earth's Satellite
http://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/solar_system_level1/moon.html
This website presents information about the moon's surface and how and why it revolves arond the earth.
MoonScience
http://www.space.com/news/a11_science.html
Discover moon data, phases, what it's like on the moon, and more.
Complete Sun and Moon Data for One Day
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/RS_OneDay.html
You can calculate the sunrise, sunset, twilight, moonrise, moonset and phase times for your U.S. location.

Jupiter

Jupiter
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/jupiter/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Jupiter
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/jupiter1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Jupiter
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/jupiter.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.
Project Galileo: Bringing Jupiter to Earth
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/galileo/
An extensive collection of just-released images and data from Jupiter, read a brief introduction to the mission, and join the excitement as we take you through Galileo's exploration of our solar system's largest planet.

Mars

Imagine Mars
http://imaginemars.jpl.nasa.gov/index3.html
NASA presents a great online learning experience about Mars.
Mars
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/mars/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Mars
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/mars1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Mars
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/mars.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.
The Mars Millenium Project
http://www.mars2030.net/
From the National Arts, Sciences, Technology Education Initiative.

Mercury

Mercury
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/mercury/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Mercury
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/mercury1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Mercury
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/mercury.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

Neptune

Neptune
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/neptune/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Neptune
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/neptune1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Neptune
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/neptune.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

Pluto

Pluto
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/pluto/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Pluto
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/pluto1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Pluto
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/pluto.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

Saturn

Cassini: Mission to Saturn
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/cassini/
NASA exploration began with the launch toward Saturn October 15, 1997.
Saturn
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/saturn/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Saturn
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/saturn1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Saturn
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/saturn.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

The Sun

Stanford Solar center
http://solar-center.stanford.edu/
Stanford University provides facts about the sun, its folklore, quizzes and more!
The Sun
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/sol.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.
The Sun: A Multimedia Tour
http://www.michielb.nl/sun/kaft.htm
Movie tour of the sun with facts and photos.
Complete Sun and Moon Data for One Day
http://aa.usno.navy.mil/data/docs/RS_OneDay.html
You can calculate the sunrise, sunset, twilight, moonrise, moonset and phase times for your U.S. location.

Uranus

Uranus
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/uranus/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Uranus
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/uranus1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Uranus
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/uranus.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

Venus

Venus
http://www.dustbunny.com/afk/planets/venus/
Where is it? How big is it? Does it have moons? How did it get its name? What's it made of? What's it like on the surface? Find out here!
Venus
http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/choices/venus1.htm
Quick facts about the planet and clickable images.
Venus
http://seds.lpl.arizona.edu/nineplanets/nineplanets/venus.html
Learn its temperature, mass, size, what its made up of, and its distance from other planets.

Space exploration

Space exploration megasites

Ask a Space Scientist
http://image.gsfc.nasa.gov/poetry/ask/askmag.html
With thousands of questions and answers already archived at Ask the Space Scientist and Ask the Astronomer there is an excellent chance that your question has already been answered! See Ask an Astrophysicist.
Basics of Space Flight Learners' Workbook
http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/basics/
Basics of Space Flight Learners' Workbook.
NASA Frequently Asked Questions
http://www.education.nasa.gov/home/faq_general.html
What is NASA? Information about the space shuttle, space and space flight and more.
A Giant Leap for Mankind
http://www.life.com/Life/space/giantleap/
From Time magazine online, this website explores the race to space between Russia and the US, the events of space flight, and the moon landing.
Johnson Space Center People - Just for Kids
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/johnson/education/justforkids.html
Especially for junior space cadets, here is a list of fun space-oriented Web sites.
Kennedy Space center
http://www.nasa.gov/centers/kennedy/home/
Official NASA website for the Kennedy Space center. Space shuttle information, launch vehicles, past space flights and more.
Space Race
http://www.nasm.si.edu/galleries/gal114/
Take a virtual tour of the National Air and Space Museum's permanent exhibit documenting the US and Soviet Union race into space during the Cold War.
Yesterday's Space Facts
http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/dayfacts/archives/
This website presents "this day in US space history" by typing in a date or set of dates or by keyword search.

Apollo Missions

Apollo to the Moon
http://www.nasm.edu/apollo/apollo.htm
From the National Air and Space Museum, this website explores the Apollo mission.
The Apollo Program
http://www.nasm.si.edu/apollo/apollo.htm
From the National Air and Space Museum, this website explores all twelve Apollo missions.
The Apollo Program
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/apollo.html
Basic information about each mission in the Apollo program.
Contact Light: A Personal Retrospective of Project Apollo
http://www.retroweb.com/apollo.html
"This website offers a nostalgic and personal look back at man's first voyages to the Moon, not from the perspective of a participant, nor from that of a historian, but instead from my own perspective as a young teenager and avid follower of the space program and Project Apollo."
A Giant Leap for Mankind
http://www.life.com/Life/space/giantleap/
From Life online this website explores the Cold War space race.
Space Race
http://www.nasm.si.edu/galleries/gal114/SpaceRace/
From the National Museum of Space exploration, this website presents the history behind the space race and the goals of both the Soviet Union and America.
Where No Man Has Gone Before: A History of Apollo Lunar Exploration Missions
http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/SP-4214/contents.html
Find out detailed information about the Apollo missions from NASA.

Apollo 11

25th Anniversary of Apollo 11 : 1969 - 1994
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/apollo11.html
From NASA. Photographs, images, and information about the Apollo 11 space flight and the lunar landing.
Apollo 11 Lunar Surface Journal
http://www.hq.nasa.gov/alsj/a11/a11.html
From NASA. Journal of Apollo 11's landing and mission on the moon.
The Apollo 11 at 35
http://www.nasa.gov/vision/space/features/apollo11_35th.html
The summer of 2004 marked the 35th anniversary of man's walk on the moon. Learn this history of this event at this NASA site.

Rockets

3...2...1...Blast Off!
http://sln.fi.edu/tfi/programs/g-scouts/space1.html
Go to this page to explore rocket science, its history and the basics.
A Brief History of Rockets
http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/TRC/Rockets/history_of_rockets.html
NASA website describes the history of rockets.
How Do Rockets Fly?
http://spaceinfo.jaxa.jp/note/rocket/e/roc01_e.html
This website gives the basics on how rockets fly.
Launch Vehicles
http://www.spaceandtech.com/spacedata/elvs/elvs.shtml
This website explores rockets, their construction, and discusses some specfic types of rockets, such as chemical and non-chemical, cluster and multi-usage rockets.
NASA Rocket Classroom Activities
http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/K-12/TRC/Rockets/RocketActivitiesHome2.html
This page is an index of rocket activities available from NASA Glenn Learning Technologies Project.
Seltzer Tablet Rocket
http://education.lanl.gov/RESOURCES/Science_at_home/SAH.rocket.html
Directions on how to create your own rocket.
Sport Rocketry
http://www.nar.org/SPR/
"Sport Rocketry is the official journal of the National Association of Rocketry."

Satellites

EarthWatch: Weather on Demand
http://www.earthwatch.com/SKYWATCH/skywatch.html
Check out SkyWatch where you can view a current satellite image anywhere in North America.
How Satellites Work
http://octopus.gma.org/surfing/satellites/
Find out what the different types of satellites do and what they track as well as learn about the structure of a satellite.
Space Junk
http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/space/solarsystem/earth/spacejunk.shtml
What kind of space junk floats in our orbit? How did it get there? Whose junk is it? What can the earth do about it?
The Satellite Site
http://www.thetech.org/exhibits_events/online/satellite/
The Tech Museum of Innovation provides a great introduction to satellites, a Java satellite construction page and create one online according to the needs of your mission for the satellite.
Types and Uses of Satellites
http://collections.ic.gc.ca/satellites/english/function/
Learn about different types and uses for satellites or discover what parts make up a satellite.

Spacecraft

Mission Control center
http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/mcc/
This website provides information and interactive images about NASA's mission control center. Discover answers to frequently asked questions about mission control.
NASA Space Shuttle Virtual Tour
http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/missions/sts-90/vrtour/
Java capable browser required. "Tour in the cockpit, go through the airlock and see the inside of the Neurolab payload."
Space Shuttle Basics
http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/basics/
A basic diagram explaining the shuttle sections, its flight desk and mid-deck with illustrations.
Shuttle Reference Manual
http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/shuttle/reference/shutref/
NASA offers massive information about shuttles, mission preparation, launch sites, aborted missions, amd more.

Stars

Interactive Sky Chart
http://skyandtelescope.com/observing/skychart/
Get a customized sky chart for any location on Earth, on any date, at any time.
Aboriginal Star Knowledge: Native American Astronomy
http://www.kstrom.net/isk/stars/starmenu.html
Find out Native American legends and folklore behind the stars.
The Constellations and their Stars
http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~dolan/constellations/
Need information on stars, constellations, the Milky Way? Check out this site!
Astronomy Basics
http://skyandtelescope.com/howto/basics/
This website introduces the beginning star gazer with star names and other astronomical objects.
A Mystery of Space: Stars
http://library.thinkquest.org/25763/?tqskip=1
This Thinkquest website explores constellations and stars through fun and interactive activities.
Star Journey
http://www.nationalgeographic.com/features/97/stars/
Travel among the stars, courtesy of National Geographic.
The Web Nebulae
http://nineplanets.org/twn/
What are stars made of? Check out this site's photos of interstellar gas and dust.

Telescopes & observatories

Bradford Robotic Telescope
http://www.telescope.org/
Anyone on the Internet can access this telescope and ask it to look at anything in the northern night sky! The Web doesn't get more hands-on than this!
Hubble Space Telescope's Greatest Hits 1990-1995
http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/newsdesk/archive/releases/1995/49/
Pictures from the Hubble space telescope.
Sky & Telescope
http://skyandtelescope.com/
This astronomy magazine provides interesting articles and photographs of the latest discoveries and explorations into space.